नियम आणि कागदपत्रे: India

Two-wheeler licences come in two classes: MCWOG (motorcycle without gear, i.e. scooters) and MCWG (motorcycle with gear). Most people apply for both together.

1. Apply for a learner's licence (LL) on the Sarathi portal: fill the form, upload proof of age and address, and pay the fee.
2. Take the learner's test on traffic signs and rules (online at home with Aadhaar authentication in most states, or at the RTO).
3. Ride only with an "L" sign on the front and back of the bike while you hold the learner's licence.
4. After 30 days (and before the learner's licence expires, usually 6 months), book a driving test slot on Sarathi.
5. Pass the practical riding test at the RTO or an accredited driver training centre. The permanent licence is sent by post and is also available in DigiLocker.

Minimum age: 16 for gearless two-wheelers up to 50 cc (with parental consent), 18 for all other motorcycles and scooters.

• Driving licence
• Registration certificate (RC)
• Valid insurance certificate (at least third-party)
• Pollution Under Control (PUC) certificate for petrol and CNG bikes
• Digital copies in DigiLocker or mParivahan are accepted as valid documents.

• New bikes are registered by the dealer through Vahan; you receive the RC (smart card) and a High Security Registration Plate (HSRP).
• To sell, the seller and buyer sign Form 29 (notice of transfer) and Form 30 (report of transfer) and apply to the RTO through Vahan with the RC, insurance, PUC and ID proofs.
• Moving the bike to another state needs a No Objection Certificate (Form 28) from the original RTO and re-registration in the new state within the time allowed.
• Until the transfer is recorded, the seller remains the legal owner: insist on finishing it.

• Third-party insurance is compulsory under the Motor Vehicles Act. Riding without it is an offence.
• New two-wheelers must be sold with 5-year third-party cover; own-damage cover is optional and usually renewed yearly.
• Third-party premiums are notified by IRDAI and are the same at every insurer.

• Petrol and CNG two-wheelers need a valid PUC certificate from an authorised testing centre.
• A new vehicle's first PUC is valid for one year; after that the validity is printed on each certificate (commonly 6 months).
• Electric two-wheelers do not need a PUC certificate.

• Rider and pillion must wear a BIS-certified (ISI-marked) helmet, properly fastened.
• Children aged 9 months to 4 years need a crash helmet and a safety harness, and the bike must not exceed 40 km/h when carrying them.
• Only one pillion rider. Triple riding is an offence.
• Keep left, overtake from the right, and give way to traffic from the right at unmarked junctions.
• No mobile phone use while riding, other than hands-free navigation.

National amounts under the Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, 2019. States can set different compounding amounts, so treat these as approximate and check e-Challan.

• Riding without a helmet: about ₹1,000, and the licence can be suspended for 3 months.
• Riding without a licence: about ₹5,000.
• Riding without insurance: about ₹2,000 for a first offence.
• Drink-riding (over 30 mg alcohol per 100 ml of blood): up to ₹10,000 and/or up to 6 months in jail for a first offence.
• Triple riding: about ₹1,000 and possible licence suspension.
• Jumping a red light or dangerous riding: ₹1,000–5,000 depending on the state.